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Transformer, also known as instrument panel transformer, is a general term for current transformer and working voltage transformer. It can convert high voltage to low voltage and large current to small current for measuring or maintaining system software. Its function is mainly to convert high voltage or high current into standard low voltage (100V) or standard low current (5A or 1A, all refer to rated value) according to the proportion, so as to complete the standardization of measuring instruments, maintenance facilities and automatic control system facilities. management and miniaturization. At the same time, the transformer can also be used to protect the high-voltage system software to ensure the safety of itself and the machinery and equipment.
principle:
In the distribution line, the current difference is from a few amperes to tens of thousands of amperes, and the working voltage difference is from a few volts to millions of volts. The current working voltage in the route is relatively high, and it is very risky to measure it immediately. In order to better facilitate the measurement of secondary instruments and equipment, it must be transformed into a relatively uniform current working voltage, and transformers should be used to carry out DC transformers and electrical isolation.
Compass ammeters are more common in digital display instruments, so the secondary current of current transformers is more common in volt level (such as 5, etc.). With the development trend of “New York Times”, most of the electricity consumption measurement has already been intelligent, and the electronic computer sampling data signal is generally mAh level (0-5V, 4-20ma, etc.). The secondary current of the micro-current transformer is milliampere, which is mainly used in large transformers and highway bridges in the middle of sampling. Micro current transformers are called instrument current transformers. (One of the meanings of instrument current transformers is the multi-current ratio high-precision current transformers used in laboratories, which are usually used to expand the scope of instruments and equipment.
Micro-current transformers are similar to transformers. The transformer changes the working voltage, and the microcurrent transformer changes the current. The winding N1 connected to the measured current is called the primary winding (or primary winding, primary winding); the winding N2 connected to the measuring instrument panel is called the secondary winding (or secondary winding, secondary coil winding).
The current ratio of the primary winding current I1 to the secondary winding I2 of the micro-current transformer is called the specific current ratio K. The current ratio of the micro-current transformer when it operates under the stable working current is called the rated value current ratio of the current transformer, which is expressed by Kn. Kn=I1n/I2n.
Construction rationale:
Transformers have a variety of construction methods, and we will only introduce two specific methods in detail below:
1. The basic principle of the structure of the general current transformer: the structure of the current transformer is relatively simple, consisting of the primary winding, the secondary winding, the transformer core and the structure, the casing, the terminal block, etc. The principle is basically the same as that of the transformer. The primary winding has fewer turns (N1) and is immediately connected to the power plug. When the primary load current (I1) is based on the primary winding, the alternating magnetic flux magnetic induction causes the secondary current (I2); the number of turns (N2) of the secondary winding is large, which is different from the current of equipment, automotive relays, smart transmitters, etc. The secondary load (Z) of the electromagnetic coil is connected in series to produce cable digital TV. Because the volt turns of the primary winding and the secondary winding are the same, the load characteristic impedance of the I1N1=I2N2 current transformer in the specific operation is not large, and the secondary winding is close to the short-circuit fault situation, which is equivalent to the transformer operating in the short-circuit fault.
2. The structure of the feed-through current transformer itself does not set the primary winding, and the current-carrying (load current) transmission line is made of a ring (or other shape) iron winding from L1 to L2 according to the silicon steel sheet coil. The secondary winding is immediately and evenly wound on the iron core of the toroidal transformer, and is connected in series with the secondary load of the current electromagnetic coil such as equipment, automotive relays, and smart transmitters to generate cable digital TV. Because the feedthrough current transformer does not have a primary winding, its transformation ratio is determined according to the number of turns of the winding across the transformer core of the transformer. The more the number of through turns, the smaller the transformation ratio; conversely, the less the number of through turns, the larger the transformation ratio, the ratio of rated current I1/n: I1-through turns in the category is the rated current; n – the number of through-center turns.
Key Features:
In order to better transmit electromagnetic energy, the power supply system often uses alternating current, and the high-current power supply circuit transmits the power engineering to the customer, and it is not possible to use the instrument to measure it immediately. The function of the transformer is to reduce the alternating current and large current to a value that can be measured immediately by instruments and equipment, which is conducive to the immediate measurement of instruments and equipment, and provides switching power for automotive relay maintenance and protection devices. The power supply system transformer is a device that transmits high-voltage and high-current information of the power network to low-voltage, low-current secondary to low-voltage, low-current secondary side measurement, measuring equipment and automotive relay maintenance and protection devices. It is an operating system and a secondary system. The primary winding is connected to the power grid, and the secondary winding is connected to measuring instruments and protection equipment.
The mutual inductors cooperate with measuring instruments and measuring equipment to measure the working voltage, current and electromagnetic energy of the primary operating system; cooperate with the maintenance and protection devices of automobile relays to form electrical equipment protection and automatic control of various common faults in the power grid system. The characteristics of the transformer can directly endanger the measurement of the power supply system, the accuracy of the measurement and the stability of the automotive relay protection equipment.
key classification:
Transformers are divided into two categories: working voltage transformers and current transformers. Voltage transformers can be used for working voltage and output power measurement in high-voltage and high-voltage power supply systems. Current transformers can be used to measure exchange current, measure exchange power and maintain pneumatic transmission lines.